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About the procedure Ganglion Cyst Removal

Our Philosophy on Ganglion Cyst Removal

At AR Plastic Surgery, ganglion cyst removal is offered to patients with persistent or painful cysts that affect the wrist, hand, or fingers. A ganglion cyst is a fluid-filled lump that arises near a joint or tendon, often forming at the back of the wrist. These cysts are typically benign but can cause discomfort, limit movement, or interfere with daily activities.

Surgical removal is considered when the cyst is painful, restricts function, or has not resolved with observation or non-surgical treatments. The procedure involves excising the cyst and its connection to the joint or tendon lining, reducing the likelihood of recurrence. Our approach balances functional considerations and cosmetic factors, particularly for cysts located in visible or mobile areas.

We focus on clear communication and individualised care. Patients are given time to understand the cause of the cyst, available treatment options, and what surgery involves. The goal of removal is to address symptoms while preserving surrounding structures and supporting long-term hand and wrist function.

Understanding Ganglion Cysts

A ganglion cyst is a fluid-filled sac that develops near joints or tendons. It contains a clear, jelly-like substance and is often connected to the joint by a small stalk or “pedicle.” While most cysts form on the back of the wrist, they can also appear on the palm side of the wrist, the base of the fingers, or near finger joints.

The exact cause of ganglion cysts is not fully understood, but they are thought to arise due to changes in joint or tendon linings that allow synovial fluid to collect outside the joint capsule. Repetitive use or prior injury to the area may play a role. Some cysts appear gradually, while others may form quickly and fluctuate in size.

Although ganglion cysts are not cancerous and often do not require treatment, they can be uncomfortable or interfere with joint movement. Diagnosis is usually based on physical examination, but imaging such as ultrasound or MRI may be used to confirm the diagnosis or assess deeper structures if the cyst is not visible on the surface.

Non-Surgical Management Options

In many cases, ganglion cysts do not require immediate surgery. If the cyst is small, painless, and does not affect joint function, it may be observed over time. Some cysts resolve on their own without intervention, although recurrence is also common with conservative care.

Fluid can be drawn from the cyst using a needle, often followed by a steroid injection to reduce inflammation. However, the cyst may return over time, especially if the connection to the joint remains. This approach may be suitable in selected cases or when short-term relief is the goal.

Wrist bracing or modification of activity may also reduce symptoms in patients with discomfort caused by movement. However, these approaches may not remove the cyst entirely. If symptoms persist or interfere with quality of life, surgical excision may provide a more definitive solution.

Who May Consider Surgery

Surgical removal may be appropriate for patients with a ganglion cyst that causes pain, limits movement, recurs after aspiration, or is a source of cosmetic concern. Some patients may find that the cyst interferes with everyday tasks such as writing, gripping, or using tools. In certain cases, the cyst can press on nearby nerves, leading to sensations such as tingling or weakness.

The decision to undergo surgery depends on the size, location, and impact of the cyst on daily life. Cysts on the back of the wrist are more common and generally easier to access surgically. Cysts on the palm side of the wrist or around finger joints may involve closer proximity to nerves or blood vessels, requiring careful planning.

During consultation, the surgeons who operate at AR Plastic Surgery will assess the cyst and discuss whether surgical excision is suitable. Patients are informed about the nature of the procedure, expected outcomes, and potential risks. For those who decide to proceed, surgery can help resolve the issue and reduce the chance of recurrence.

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What to Expect on the Day of the Procedure

Ganglion cyst removal is performed in a surgical setting, with the approach tailored to the needs of each patient. On arrival, patients are guided through the final preparations, including marking the area to be treated. Anaesthesia is then administered—most often local anaesthesia, with or without sedation, depending on the cyst’s location and complexity.

A small incision is made over the cyst to access and remove it. The cyst and its stalk are excised carefully, ensuring that the connection to the joint capsule or tendon sheath is fully removed. This step is important in reducing the likelihood of the cyst returning. If the cyst is located near critical structures, such as nerves or blood vessels, special care is taken to preserve these tissues.

Once the cyst is removed, the incision is closed with sutures and covered with a dressing. A soft bandage or splint may be used to support the hand or wrist. After the procedure, patients spend time in a recovery area before going home, where they are given instructions for wound care and follow-up arrangements.

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Disclaimer: The outcomes shown are only relevant for this patient and do not necessarily reflect the results other patients may experience, as results may vary due to many factors, including the individual’s genetics, diet and exercise. Some images may have the patient’s tattoos, jewellery or other identifiable items blurred to protect patient identities.

Aftercare and Recovery

After surgery, patients are advised to keep the hand elevated for the first few days to help manage swelling. Any discomfort can be addressed with over-the-counter or prescribed pain medications, depending on individual needs. The dressing should be kept clean and dry until it is checked during the follow-up appointment.

Light finger movement is encouraged to prevent stiffness, but heavy lifting or repetitive wrist motion should be avoided during early healing. Sutures are typically removed within 10 to 14 days, depending on the location and healing progress. Bruising or swelling may persist for a short time but usually settles with rest.

In some cases, hand therapy may be recommended if the cyst was large or located near a joint that has become stiff. Full recovery usually occurs within two to four weeks, but this may vary depending on the complexity of the procedure. Patients are provided with clear guidance on when to resume regular activities, including work or sport.

Potential Risks

Ganglion cyst removal, like any surgical procedure, carries potential risks. These are discussed thoroughly during the consultation to support informed decision-making. Risks may include:

  • Infection
  • Bleeding
  • Haematoma
  • Nerve or blood vessel injury
  • Stiffness or reduced motion
  • Pain at the incision site
  • Scarring
  • Recurrence of the cyst

Patients are encouraged to report any concerns during their recovery so that appropriate care can be provided. Follow-up appointments allow the surgical team to assess healing progress and respond to any issues that arise. If the cyst returns, additional treatment options can be discussed based on the individual case.

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